Basic Knowledge Of Classification And Identification Of Textile Fibers

1. Definition:

Cotton woven fabric is based on

As raw material, through the loom, the warp and weft yarn is vertically and horizontally mixed.

2. Cotton fabric is divided into:

(1) natural white cloth: plain cloth, fine cloth, coarse cloth.

, twill fabric, primary color cloth.

Colour cloth: there are vulcanized blue cloth, vulcanized ink cloth, shiilin blue cloth, Shilin grey cloth, color poplin, all kinds of khaji, different colors.

3. Cloth: a variety of colors and patterns on printing and dyeing.

For example, plain printed cloth, Printed Twill, printed Serge and printed tribute.

(4) yarn dyed fabric: it is a fabric that is dyed by yarn or thread first and then woven on the machine, such as cloth, sheet cloth, flannelette, thread, decorative cloth, etc.

3, the characteristics of pure cotton fabric:

1. Hygroscopicity: cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity. Under normal conditions, fiber can absorb moisture into the surrounding atmosphere. Its moisture content is 8-10%, so it touches human skin and makes people feel soft and not rigid.

If the humidity of the cotton cloth is increased and the ambient temperature is higher, the water content in the fiber will evaporate completely, so that the fabric can maintain the water balance state and make people feel comfortable.

Moisturizing property: because cotton fiber is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, its thermal conductivity is very low, and because of its porous nature and high elasticity, it can store a lot of air between the fibers, and the air is also a poor conductor of heat and electricity. Therefore, pure cotton fiber textile has good moisture retention, and the wearing of pure cotton fabric makes people feel warm.

Heat resistance: pure cotton fabric has good heat resistance, and it will only cause moisture evaporation on the fabric at less than 110 degrees Celsius. It will not damage the fiber. So pure cotton fabric can be used at normal temperature, washing, printing and dyeing.

(4) alkali resistance: cotton fiber has greater resistance to alkali. Cotton fibers do not damage in alkali solution. This property is good for washing, disinfecting, removing impurities, and also for pure cotton.

The products are dyed, printed and processed to produce more new cotton varieties.

Hygiene: cotton fiber is a natural fiber, its main components are cellulose, and a small amount of waxy substances and nitrogenous substances and pectin.

The cotton fabric has been tested and tested in many ways. There is no stimulation and no negative effect on the contact between the fabric and the skin. Long wearing is beneficial to the human body and has good hygienic performance.

Seven, man-made fiber fabrics (Chemistry)

)

1. Definition: chemical fiber is the general name of textile fibers obtained by chemical processing through natural polymer materials or synthetic polymer materials.

2, classification (by raw materials and production methods):

(1) artificial fiber: the largest variety of chemical fiber, which is made from natural polymers such as cellulose or protein, such as wood, bagasse, reed, soybean and cheese, is chemically and mechanically processed.

For example: artificial cotton, rayon, artificial wool, tiger kapok, Fu Qiang cotton.

Synthetic fiber: synthetic fiber is a large class of chemical fibers. It is a byproduct of the petrochemical industry and coking industry.

For example, polyester, nylon, tin, vinylon, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride belong to synthetic fibers.

Eight. Blended fabric:

Blended fabric is chemical.

And other cotton wool, silk, hemp wait until natural textile fiber blended spinning of textile products.

For example: polyester cotton cloth, polyester wool, and so on.

Nine, fabric washing, ironing, collection, storage points:

1, the key parts of clothing should pay attention to the type, such as shoulder, collar, cuffs and so on, especially the hard collars made of resin.

2. Typical style.

We should pay attention to protecting its unique inner lattice, such as velvet, velvet and so on.

When twisting, it is necessary to flush the bread in the air and flush it off when it is dry, so as to avoid the deformation of the suede.

For jacquard fabrics, no hard brush can be used to wash and prevent yarn breaking.

3, cotton fabric has good physical and chemical properties, but it is also not suitable for soaking in the washing liquid for too long. The exposure time should not be too long to prevent the color from being damaged.

4, cotton fabric easy to float off color, washing to prevent string dyeing and color, affect the fabric appearance.